Short was the first Strikers representative to earn MVP honours for his stellar BBL12 summer, during which he scored more runs than any other player.
Short also found success opening the bowling for the Adelaide side, taking 11 wickets with his offspin.
"It feels great to have re-signed," Short said. "The Strikers showed the faith in me and gave me the opportunities and I am trying to pay them back with my loyalty."
Sixers foundation player Henriques will play into a thirteenth season this summer and will be 39 by the time his new contract expires.
The three-time BBL champion is Sixers' most-capped player and leading run-scorer and this summer will become the first player to captain a BBL side on more than 100 occasions. He has led Sixers 94 times to date.
"To be able to play the whole time with one club and stay at the Sixers and have the opportunity to lead throughout that time is pretty special to be honest," Henriques said.